Avenger 336 User Guide Getting Started Using this Guide What is a Modem? Using your Modem AT Command Language AT Commands Advanced Commands Copyright 1997 Avtek Data Communications YML358-3 AA Getting Started Thank you for purchasing an Avtek Modem. Before reading this guide it is recommended you follow the instructions in the Read Me First guide to get you up and started. Don't forget to register your Avtek Avenger 336. Avtek Avenger User Guide This user guide includes a general description of modem operation as well as the modem's indepth feature and command information. Using this Guide This manual is based around HTML, the document layout format used for Internet World Wide Web (www) pages. To navigate through this user guide you can click on any area where your mouse pointer changes to a hand (as seen at left), usually graphics or areas of red text (hypertext). The HTML pages of this manual can be viewed and printed with any browser that supports tables (such as NetScape V2.0 or greater or Internet Explorer V2.0 or greater). Alternatively, a copy is available in text format (avenger.txt) on the Documentation and Drivers disk. What is a modem? A modem is a device that allows computers (and otherelectronic devices) to communicate via phone lines. It convertsdigital signals generated by the computer into analog (audio)signals which can be transmitted over a telephone line. The modemalso transforms incoming analog signals into their digital equivalentsso that the computer can understand them. Specific techniquesused to transform the signals are called modulation protocols.A modem typically supports more than one modulation protocol. The word, MODEM is an acronym and stands forMOdulator/DEModulator. The speed of a modem (without data compression) isdetermined by the modulation protocols. e.g. A V.34 modem is capableof speeds up to 33600bps. Please read the Australian Communications Authoritywarning notice if you are using your modem in Australia or theTelecom New Zealand warningnotice if you are using your modem in New Zealand. Using Your Modem The Modem will always be in one of the followingthree functional states. 1. CommandMode Communicating directly with your modem. 2. Connecting Mode Dialling a number or answering an incoming call. 3. DataMode 4. Connected to a remote system with the modems providinga transparent link. Command Mode When you turn on your modem it performs a self-testand waits in command mode. This mode allows communication betweenyour computer and your modem by using the AT command language.The modem recognises these commands because they are prefixedby the characters, AT or at. This is short for - attention, Iwant to issue a command. Commands are sent from the keyboard tothe modem via the serial port using a communications package,and instruct the modem to carry out certain tasks or may be waitfor a ring signal.The modem will adjust to the followingspeeds: 57,600, 38,400, 19,200, 9,600,4,800, 2400 1200 and 300 bps in the following data word formats:- · 7 data bits, odd or even parity, one stop bit. · 7 data bits, no parity, two stop bits. · 8 data bits, no parity, one stop bit. The modem will also respond back to your computerscreen, from each command, with messages such as OK or CONNECT. From here on, all commands to be typed into thecomputer will be shown as bold. All responses from the computerwill be bold and italic. Enter: AT Response: OK This indicates that the modem is communicating withyour computer. If nothing happens it could be due to one of thefollowing reasons:- ??Improperserial port selection. ??Improperinstallation. Assuming that you have successfully completed theabove test, try dialling a phone number. To make the modem diala number: Enter: ATDTn.....n where n.....n is the required number (up to 45 digits).It may be necessary for those users that are connected via a PABX,with an access code for the Public Switched Telephone Network(PSTN), to type a comma (,) between the access code and the mainnumber. This will make the modem pause for two seconds beforecontinuing dialling. Eg: ATDT0,9418 7693 The normal tone dialling technique utilised is withthe ATDTn....n command. If your phone line doesn't support tonedialing use P instead of the T as in the above example. After pressing the key, the modem willdial the number that was entered. If the telephone is connectedin parallel to the modem, it is important not to remove the handset whilst the dialling and connection proceduresare taking place or at any other time during the call as corruptionof the data can occur. To abort the dialling and connecting process,type in any character on the keyboard. The modem will stop andreturn to command mode. Connecting Mode When the modem is instructed to either call anothercomputer, or to answer an incoming call the modem enters the connectingto call mode. During this time the modem will be sending and receivingsignals along the telephone line. These signals ensure correctconnection and synchronisation with the connecting computer. When the connection is made, the modem may respondwith: CONNECT linespeed Advises you that the connection has been made and atwhat speed. The remote computer will normally respond with a second message. The following results can indicate a problem occurredduring the dial sequence. NO DIALTONE Themodem was unable to detect dial tone and did not dial the requestednumber, therefore, it automatically disconnected the call. Checkthe phone line connection. BUSY The numberdialled was busy and a busy tone was detected, therefore, it automaticallydisconnected the call. Try the number again shortly. NO CARRIER Thecall was terminated either by a character being sent to the modemduring the dialling phase or the telephone connection wasunsuccessful. Assuming you are now successfully connected, youmay interact with the remote system. Data Mode At this point you will have issued a command to diala number. The modem will have dialled the number and connectedto the remote modem. Your modem's operation is now transparentto you, and you are communicating directly with the remote system. Once you enter Data mode it is maintained until: * You temporarily escape from data mode back tocommand mode (wait 2 seconds and press +++ followed by another2 secs); * You deliberately disconnect or hang-up; * A poor telephone line condition exists or unintentionaldisconnection takes place. AT Command Language The AT Command language is used to control the modem.In most cases there is no need to learn the commands, but a basicunderstanding of the modem's operation is helpful. Command Line All command lines must begin with the ASCII letters'AT' except for the A/ command, which is discussed later. Theletters 'AT' are sometimes referred to as an attention code. Thiscommand indicates to the modem that one or more commands are tofollow. The 'AT' and all following alphabetic characters may bein upper or lower case. AT must be entered in the same case:"AT" or "at", NOT "At" or "aT". By examining the AT prefix, the modemis able to determine the communications rate of the local DTEas well as it's parity setting. The modem then adopts these settings. Multiple commands may appear on a single line and may be separatedby space characters for improved readability. Example:- ATH AT S0=2 E0 &C1 &D2 ATDT (02) 9418 7693 Command Line Editing and Processing The command line is always terminated by the ASCIICarriage Return (except for A/). Once entered, allcommands following the AT command line prefix are executed. Thevalue for the carriage return character is programmed by S-Register3 (S3). If you make a mistake while entering a command character afterthe AT, you may use the BACKSPACE key to clear the mistake. Thevalue for the backspace character is programmed by S5. The ATprefix is processed immediately as it is entered and thereforecannot be erased once it is typed in. The entire command linemay be terminated at any time by issuing CTRL-X (pressing Controland X at the same time). The command line will be discarded andan OK result message will be issued. Initialisation strings An Initialisation string is a set of commands thatconfigure a modem for operation with a particular system. This"system" can be a software package or any device thathas a serial port, such as a cash register. There is nota standard Initialisation string for a modem. The string dependson the system that the modem is being used with. If your modem isn't listed in the communicationspackage that you are using, and there isn't a driver for the packageon the driver disk try choosing a Generic Rockwell, Hayes Accura, Hayes, Optima or Standard Modem. If the software package requires aninitialisation string try using AT &F S95=0 W0before contacting technical support. If you are dialling a lowspeed service (2400 or below) try using AT &FS95=0 W0 \N0. If you are connecting your modem to a device thatisn't running communications software then see the Custom Configuration page. Modulation Protocols Modulation Protocols define the speed/sat which a modem operates at. The International TelecommunicationsUnion - Telecommunications (ITU-T) (Formerly the CCITT) is a UNsponsored body responsible for standardisation of communicationsprotocols. They have established a number of international telecommunicationsstandards such as V.34, V.32bis, V.32, V.22bis, V.22 and V.21. V.34 The V.34 protocol is the standard for 33600bps connections. This standard was initially ratified as 28800bpsbut was updated to include 33600bps in 1996. V.32bis V.32bis is the standard for 14400 bpsmodems. A V.32bis modem can also fall back to 12000and then to 9600, 7200 and 4800bps. Therefore V.32bis is downwardly compatible with V.32. V.32 V.32 is the standard for 9600bps communications.It also supports the fallback speed of 4800bps. V.23 V.23 is the standard for 1200/75bpscommunications. This protocol was developed with terminal operatorsin mind. It had a download speed of 1200bps, but an upload speedof only 75bps. The upload speed was considered adequate for typing. V.22 and V.22bis arestandard modulation protocols for 1200 and 2400bpsmodems receptively. They do not have fall back speeds, but theycan adjust to the lower modulation speed for poor line conditions. V.21 V.21 is the standard for 300bps communications.It is very rarely used anymore. Error Correction V.42 and MNP2-4 Error correction protocols ensure that datais received without any errors. There are two standards for errorcorrection protocols - V.42 and MNP 2 - 4. V.42 is a standardratified by the ITU-T which uses LAP-M error correction. It alsoincorporates the MNP 2 - 4 (Microcom Networking Protocol) errorcorrection, which was developed by Microcom many years ago andhas become over the years a defacto industry standard. LAP-M istechnically far superior to MNP error correction. V.42 actually incorporates the two error controlschemes. V.42 uses LAP-M (Link Access Procedure for Modems) asthe primary scheme and within the same standard it includes MNP2, 3 & 4 as alternate schemes. Therefore, a V.42 modem will be able to establishan error-corrected connection with a modem that only supportsMNP 2 - 4. (MNP will automatically switch to the highest commonsettings during the handshake with the remote modem.). A modemthat uses a proprietary error correction protocol will not beable to establish an error corrected link with a V.42 modem unlessit supports V.42 and the proprietary protocol at the connectiontime. For example, Hayes V-series Smartmodem 9600supports an error control protocol called LAP-B. Noise on the phone line can impede any standard modemfrom delivering error-free data. V.42 (and MNP 2-4) filters outthe line noise and automatically retransmits any corrupted data.When two modems establish an error-corrected connection they aresaid to have a reliable link. The filtering process used by V.42 and MNP 2-4 issimilar to the error correction scheme used by file transfer protocols(such as Xmodem). The two modems use a sophisticated algorithmto ensure that the data received is what has been sent. The benefit of Error correction protocols is thatthey provide error correction even when you are reading e-mailmessages or chatting with other people online. In other words,an error correction protocol is "on" all the time duringyour online session. Also a modem running just an error correctionprotocol can achieve a better throughput due to the framing techniquesused and the ability to increase or decease the packet sizes dependingon line conditions. For example, a modem operating at 2400bps and running MNP Class 4 service transmits data at approximately 2640 bps. Your modem has error correction turned on as a factorydefault. Data Compression Protocols V.42bis and MNP-5 Besides error correction protocols, allcurrent high-speed modems also support data compression protocols.That means the sending modem will compress the data on-the-flyand the receiving modem will decompress the data to its originalform. A modem cannot support data compression without utilisingan error correction protocol. There are two standards for datacompression protocols, ITU V.42bis and MNP-5. An MNP-5 modemrequires MNP 4 error correction protocol and a V.42bis modem requiresV.42 error correction protocol. Almost all high-speed modems that support ITU V.42bisalso incorporate MNP-5. The maximum compression ratio that MNP-5can achieve is 2:1. That is to say, a 9600 bps (bitsper second) MNP-5 modem can transfer data up to a maximum of19200bps. The maximum compression ratio for a V.42bis modem is 4:1.In this case the maximum throughput would be 38,400bps. Unfortunately this is not always the case as it does dependon the type of data being sent. In general, compression decreases the file size by50% which effectively achieves twice the transfer speedfor a standard text file. So a 9600 bps modem caneffectively transmit 19200 bps. V.42bis and MNP-5 cannot compress a file which isalready compressed by software. In the case of MNP-5, it willeven try to compress a pre compressed file and actually expandit, thus slow down the file transfer! V.42bis is much smarter andit passes the file through without adding any overhead to theoverall file size. Where you send files with a lot of repeated characters,V.42bis actually builds a data dictionary of these repeated charactersand can compress the data much quicker, therefore the greaterrepeatability means a higher cps (characters per second) throughput. In the case of most PC files and BBS files, theyare already in a pre-compressed format, usually with a .ZIP or.LZH extension. Macintosh files are typically in a .SIT (Stuffit)or .CPT (Compact Pro) format and Amiga files are usually in the.ZOO, .ARC or .LZH format. GIF files are already in a pre-compressed file format. Your modem has data compression turned on as a factorydefault. Local Flow Control and Data Buffering Normally you will want to send data fromyour PC to the modem as quickly as possible. If the modem is idleand waiting for the computer to send data, you are not gettingthe maximum performance from the modem. Your computer is able to send data faster than themodem can handle so this is where local flow control is used. A high-speed modem typically supports two kinds oflocal flow control: hardware handshaking using Clear to Send andRequest to Send (CTS/RTS) along with software handshaking (XON/XOFF).Hardware flow control is the preferred method. Hardware flow control (or hardware handshaking) worksby altering voltage levels on the RTS and CTS signal lines atthe RS232 serial interface between the modem and the computer. CTS is used by the sending modem. When the localmodem is ready to receive data, it raises the CTS signal to thelocal computer and the computer starts transferring data. If themodem is unable to accept the data as fast as it is received fromthe computer, the modem will lower the CTS line to inform thecomputer that the modem buffer is almost full (A high-speed modemtypically contains a small amount of RAM which is used to providedata buffers). The computer will then suspend data transfer. Oncethe local modem has emptied its buffer by transmitting data tothe remote modem, it will raise CTS again. RTS is used by the receiving computer. When the computercannot accept data at the rate at which the modem is passing data,it will lower the RTS line. The computer then raises RTS againwhen it is ready to resume receiving data from the modem. Software flow control (or software handshaking) actsin much the same way as hardware flow control, but it is achievedby embedding control character in the data stream. XON and XOFFare the most commonly used control characters. The use of XON and XOFF during data transfer cancreate problems when a binary file contains the Control-S (^S)or XOFF character as a legitimate part of the data. Do not usethis method if ^S and ^Q are part of the transmitted data. File Transfer Protocols Even though we can have an error correction protocol,we still need file transfer protocols when two modems want toexchange files. This is because the modems only look after theerror correction whilst on-line. The File Transfer Protocols lookafter filenames, paths and the recovery of a file transfer ifthe modem link is lost for some reason during a transfer. Errors that occur during file transfer are automaticallydetected and corrected by file transfer protocols. If a blockof data is received incorrectly, the receiving system sends amessage to the sending system and requests the re-transmission.This process is automatic. In some cases the crash recovery ofa protocol means that not all the file has to be resent, onlythe un-transmitted section of the file is resent. When errorsoccur during file transfer, the communication program shows anerror in the file transfer status window. Which File Transfer Protocol Should You Use? In general, we recommend Zmodem. If Zmodemis not supported by the system you are calling, use Ymodem-G.(If you are connecting to a UNIX system in a university, you mayhave to use Kermit or Xmodem to transfer files.) Zmodem This is generally the best protocol to useif the electronic service you are calling supports it. Zmodemis extremely efficient and it provides crash recovery. Like Ymodem-G, Zmodem does not wait for positiveacknowledgment after each block is sent, but rather sends blocksin rapid succession. If a Zmodem transfer is cancelled or interruptedfor any reason, the transfer can be resurrected later and thepreviously transferred information need not be resent. ASCII This is designed to work with ASCII textfiles only. Note that you do not have to use this protocol whentransferring text files. The ASCII protocol is useful for uploadinga text file when you are composing e-mail online. Xmodem Xmodem is one of the most widely used filetransfer protocols. The original Xmodem protocol uses 128-bytepackets and a simple "checksum" method of error detection.A later enhancement, Xmodem-CRC, uses a more secure Cyclic RedundancyCheck (CRC) method for error detection. Xmodem protocol alwaysattempts to use CRC first. If the sender does not acknowledgethe requests for CRC, the receiver shifts to the checksum modeand continues its request for transmission. Xmodem-1K Xmodem 1K is essentially Xmodem CRC with1K (1024 byte) packets. On some systems and bulletin boardsit may also be referred to as Ymodem. Y Modem Ymodem is essentially Xmodem 1K that allowsmultiple batch file transfer. On some systems it is listed asYmodem Batch. Y Modem-G Ymodem-G and Imodem should only be usedwith modems that provide built-in error correction protocols.These file transfer protocols do not provide any error-detectionor recovery capability. This improves the transfer speed. If aproblem occurs during the file transfer, the transfer sessionwill be aborted. A reliable link between two modems does not provideabsolute guarantee for the data integrity during file transfer. Kermit Kermit was developed at Columbia University.It was designed to facilitate the exchange of data among verydifferent types of computers (mainly minicomputers and mainframes).You probably will not need to use Kermit unless you are callinga minicomputer or mainframe at an educational institution. Sealink Sealink is a variant of Xmodem. It was developedto overcome the transmission delays caused by satellite relaysor packet-switching networks. AT Commands Command LineSyntax StandardCommands &Commands \Commands %Commands +MS Command MNP10Commands EscapeCodes DistinctiveRing Advanced AT Commands A/: Repeat Command A: Answer Call B: ITU-T Or Bell mode C: Carrier Control D: Dial E: Echo Commads F: Speed Selection H: On/Off Hook I: Identification request L: Speaker Volume M: Speaker Control N: Automode O: Return Online P: Set Pulse dial Q: Result code display S: Read/Write S Register T: Set Tone dial V: Verbal Result Codes W: Negotiation Progress Reporting X: Dial/busy tone detection Y: Long Space disconnect Z: Reset Modem A/ - Repeat Command The modem command interpreter loads the command lineinto a memory buffer which has the capacity to hold up to 45 characters.The AT, carriage return and line feed control characters are notplaced in the buffer. Because commands remain in the buffer untila new set overwrites them, the A/ command can be utilised to repeatthese previous commands. The A/ command is the only command that is notpreceded by the AT command line prefix. The A/ command takes effectimmediately and does not require a carriage return. A - Answer Call This command should be the last one on the commandline. No further commands from the command line will be processedafter this command is executed. Use it to answer a call immediately.It causes the Modem to go 'off-hook' in Answer mode. Itthen issues an answer sequence regardless of the contents of S-Register0. After handshaking (exchange of carrier signals) withthe remote modem it will proceed to the online state. If no carrieris detected within the time specified in S7 (default 50seconds) the modem will terminate the call and go on-hook. Anycharacter entered via the DTE during this sequence will causethe command to terminate. Bn - Set ITU or Bell Parameters: n=0,1 Default: 0 Selects the type of handshake the modem will useduring answer or fixed speed connections with the remote modem.This must be set to be the same as the remote modem. Australia,New Zealand and European countries use ITU recommendations,the USA uses Bell. B0 ITUV.22bis, V.23, V.22, V.21. B1 Bell 103,212A, 2400. Cn - Carrier Control Parameters: n=0,1 Default: 1 Controls the transmitted carrier signal. The modemis set to turn the carrier on and off as required for communications.This command is included for compatibility with Hayes 300modems only. C0 is not a valid option. C0 Error C1 Returns OK- Takes no action. Dn - Dial a Phone Number The Modem dials a number and attempts a connectionto a remote modem. The command also causes the modem to executeany number of dial modification commands that can be entered inthe form of the dial command string. The Dial command takes the form ATDn,where n is a string of dial digits and modifiers. The length ofthe dial string is limited by the size of the command buffer.The command buffer is capable of storing a maximum of 45 characters.The dial digits and modifiers include the characters 0to 9, A B C D # and * and the dial modifiers: T , ; P R ! @ W and S=n. Command Description T Selects thatthe numbers following will be touch tone dialled (DTMF). P Selects thatthe numbers following will be pulse dialled. 0..9The dial digits. ABCD#* Theseare tone dial digits only. , Will causethe modem to delay before dialling the next number. This featuremay be utilised while using a PABX system where a delay is requiredbefore proceeding with dialling. (See S8for delay period) ; This willplace the modem back into command state after dialling. The modemwill not attempt to connect to the called party. This may be usedfor automatic dialling of phone numbers. For example, ATDT5348192;will touch tone dial the number 5348192 and then return to commandstate. If an optional handset is attached and is off-hook thecaller is now connected to the called party. J Perform MNP10 link negotiation at 1200bps. K Enable powerlevel adjustment during MNP10EC link negotiation. L Last numberre-dial. The L must immediately follow the D. R An acceptedcode, but not acted on. W Wait for dialtone (up to S7 seconds) before processing the next symbol in thedial string. If the modem does not detect dial tone in the specifiedtime it will go on-hook and issue the NO DIALTONEresult code. @ Wait for quietanswer. The modem will listen for a period of 5 seconds of silence.If the 5 seconds of silence are not detected before the S7 timeexpires, the modem will go on-hook and issue the result NOANSWER. S=n Dial a numberstored in the dial directory. The currently selected entry willbe dialled unless the optional parameter 'n' is supplied. In thiscase, entry 'n' in the dial directory will be dialled. ! Hook Flash,put modem on hook for half a second. This is used with some PABXsystems to get another line or to do some auxiliary function. & Wait forAT&T "bong" tone before continuing with dial string. If the ATD command is entered without parameters,the modem will go off-hook and wait for carrier for the periodgiven in S7. The ATD command will be aborted at any time a characteris sent to the modem while it is dialling or interpreting tonesor carrier. En - Echo Commands Parameters: n=0,1 Default: 1 Controls whether characters sent to the modem areechoed back to the DTE. E0 Donot echo commands as they are entered by the user. E1 Echo commandsas they are entered. Fn - Select Line Modulation Parameters: n = 0..10 Default:0 If you have a 33600 bps or faster modem please seethe +MS command This command selects the line modulation (speed) for 14400 bpsmodems. This command interacts with S37and the ATN command. F0 Automode detection, line speeds from 14,400 (V.32bis)to 300bps (V.21). F1 ForceV.21 / Bell 103 (according to setting of ATB command) at300bps. F2 Ignored.OK response returned. F3 ForceV.23 75TX/1200RX originate or 1200TX/75RXanswer FSK. F4 ForceV.22/Bell 212A (according to setting of ATB command) at 1200bps. F5 ForceV.22bis/Bell 2400 (according to setting of ATB command). F6 ForceV.32 4800bps. F7 ForceV.32 7200bps. F8 ForceV.32 9600 bps. F9 ForceV.32bis 12000 bps. F10Force V.32bis 14400 bps. Note that the modem does not have a commandto force a fixed speed between PC and modem (DTE rate). Hn - On/Off Hook Control Parameters: n=0,1 Default: 0 Forces the modem on or off hook. This can be usedto test the presence of dial tone before dialling (ATH1) or Hangupthe modem at the end of a call. H0 Willput the modem On-Hook or hang the line up. H1 Will takethe modem Off-Hook, can be used to busy out the line. In - Identification Request Parameters: n=0..3 Default: 0 Interrogates the modem for its product identificationcode, ROM Checksum or ROM checksum status and reports this informationto the DTE. I0 Reportsthe product code. I1 Reports thechecksum. I2 Computesthe ROM checksum and compares it with the stored value. I3 Requeststhe modem to identify itself and its revision. I4 Reports modeltype. Ln - Speaker Volume Parameters: n=0..3 Default: 1 Sets the volume of the speaker inside the modem.The speaker is also controlled by the ATMncommands. L0,1Low Volume. L2 Medium Volume. L3 High Volume. Mn - Speaker Control Parameters: n=0..3 Default: 1 Controls when the speaker is turned on or off. Thevolume of the internal speaker is adjusted by the ATLn commands. M0 Speakeris off always. M1 Tells theModem to turn the speaker on during dialling, but turnoff when carrier has been received from a remote modem. M2 The speakeris on always. M3 Keep thespeaker on until a carrier is detected but off during dialling. Nn - Automode Enable Parameters: n = 0,1 Default: 1 Sets Automode detection. This command allows themodem to autodetect the handshake of the other modem. If turnedoff, the modem will only handshake at the speed set by S37. N0 Turnsoff automode detection. A subsequent handshake will be conductedaccording to the contents of S37 and if S37 is zero, accordingto the most recently sensed DTE speed. N1 Turns onautomode detection. This command is equivalent to ATF0. On - Return Online Parameters: n=0,1 Default: None Returns the modem to online state, thereby re-establishinga connection that has already been made. If not currently connectedto a remote modem, an ERROR will be returned by the modem. O0 Willreturn the modem to data mode (On-Line). O1 Will issuea retrain sequence to the remote modem and then go online. P - Set to Pulse Dial Sets the Modem to pulse dial mode. The commandmay be entered following the AT command prefix or within the dialstring. Once set, all following dial commands will pulse dial. Qn - Result Code Display Parameters: n=0,1 Default: 0 Allows the modem to send result codes the DTE. Thecodes are the responses to commands issued or connections madeto other modems. The type of response code is controlled by theATVn commands. Q0 Enablesresult codes to be sent to the DTE. Q1 Quiet mode.The modem will not send any result codes. Sn? - Read S Register Parameters: n=0..95 Default: None Sn? commandwill read the contents of S register n. The function of each Sregister is described on your screen. Sn=x - Write S Register Parameters: n=0..95, x=0..255 Default:None Sn=x commandassigns a value to the selected S-Register. Please see detailsabout each register before changing values. Unpredictable resultscan be expected if some S-Registers are assigned incorrect values. T - Set Tone Dial Sets the Modem to tone dial telephone numbers.This command may be set following the AT command line prefix orfrom within the dial string. Once set, all following diallingwill be tone dialling. Vn - Verbal Result Codes Parameters: n = 0,1 Default: 1 Sets the type of result codes being sent to the DTEby the modem. The modem can send either English (verbal) or numerical(digit) results for operations carried out by the modem. V0 Selectsdigit result codes. V1 Selects words.Word strings are preceded and terminated with both a carriagereturn and a line feed character. Wn - Negotiation Progress Reporting Parameters: n = 0..2 Default: 0 Enables the modem to send out an additional set ofresult codes. The result codes report on the carrier speed (300,1200, 2400, 4800,9600, 12000, 14400, 16800, 19200, 21600, 24000, 26400, 28800, 31200, 33600)the link level protocol (MNP2,3,4,5, V.42, V.42bis) and operatingport speed (300, 1200, 2400,4800, 9600, etc.). W0 Onconnection DTE speed is reported (eg. CONNECT57600)Note: This also requires that S register 95 must be set to its default(Eg ATS95=0) W1 On connectioncarrier speed, protocol, compression and DTE port speed reported. InDirect mode only carrier and DTE speeds are reported. W2 On connectionLine speed is reported (eg. CONNECT 9600)Note: This also requires that S register 95 must be set to its default(Eg ATS95=0) Xn - Extended Result Codes and CallProgress Parameters: n = 0..4 Default: 4 Determines whether the modem responds to dial toneand busy signals. It also selects how the connect message resultcode will be sent. When the modem ignores the dialtone it blinddials. This means that it will wait the time specified in S6 (default4 seconds) and then dial the requested number, regardless of thepresence of dialtone. The modem looks for dialtone for up to 5seconds. If not found a NO DIALTONE result codewill be issued. X0 Ignoredialtone and busy detect. Send CONNECT message whenconnection is established. X1 Ignore dialtoneand busy detect. Send CONNECT speed message whenconnection is established. X2 Ignore busydetect, look for dialtone before dialling and send CONNECTspeed message when connection is established. X3 Ignore dialtonedetect, look for busy signals and send CONNECT speedmessage when connection is established. X4 Look fordial and busy tone signals and send CONNECT speedmessage when connection is established. Yn - Long Space Disconnect Parameters: n=0,1 Default: 0 Sets the modem to act on a long space being sentby the remote modem. When enabled the modem will hangup upon receivinga long space. Y0 Disablelong space disconnect. Y1 Enable longspace disconnect. Zn - Reset Modem Parameters: n=0,1 Default: 0 This command performs a software reset of the modemand fetches one of the configuration profiles (stored with the&Wn command) from non-volatilememory and loads it into the active configuration. Any followingcommands in the command line will not be executed. Example: Z0 Resetand load profile 0 Z1 Reset andload profile 1 & Commands &C: Carrier Mode &D: DTR Control &F: Factory Defaults &G: Gaurd Tones &J: Phone Jack Type &K: Flow Control &L: Line Type &M: Comms Mode &P: Pulse Ratio &Q: Comms Mode &R: RTS/CTS Options &S: DSR Options &T: Test Modes &V: View Profiles &W: Store Profile &Y: Default User Profile &Z: Store a phone number &Cn - Carrier Mode Parameters: n=0,1 Default: 1 Controls the operation of the Data Carrier Detect(DCD) signal line from the modem to the DTE, which if set, indicatesthe state of the carrier signal between the two modems. &C0The modem keeps the DCD signal in the ON condition disregardingthe state of the data carrier from the remote modem. &C1 TheDCD will track the state of data carrier from the remote station. &Dn - DTR Control Parameters: n=0..3 Default: 2 Tells the modem how to react to an ON to OFF transitionof the Data Terminal Ready (DTR) signal from the DTE. The actionof DTR is dependant upon the current &Q setting. &D0 with&Q set to: &Q0, &Q5, &Q6 DTR drop is ignored (Assumed ON) by the modem & it takes noaction. &Q1, &Q4 DTR drop causes the modem to hang up with Auto Answer not affected. &Q2, &Q3 DTR drop causes the modem to hang up with Auto Answer inhibited. &D1 with &Qset to: &Q0, &Q1 ,&Q4, &Q5, &Q6 DTR drop forces the modem back into local command state. Othercommands can then be issued to the modem. &Q2, &Q3 DTR drop causes the modem to hang up with Auto Answer inhibited. &D2 with &Qset to: &Q0 through &Q6 DTR drop causes the modem to hang up. Auto answer is inhibited. &D3 with &Qset to: &Q0, &Q1, &Q4, &Q5, &Q6 DTR drop causes the modem to hang up and the modem is initialisedas if an ATZ command was issued. &Q2, &Q3 DTR drop causes the modem to hang up with Auto Answer inhibited. &F - Reset to Factory Settings A factory configuration profile containing defaultsettings for all configuration S registers is permanently storedin the modem's EPROM. You may restore the modem's active configurationto the factory settings by issuing this command. &Gn - Set Guard Tone Modes Parameters: n=0..2 Default: 0 Selects the use of guard tones. These are transmittedwhile the modem is in the online state, and are not used inAustralia. &G0Disable guard tone generation. &G1 Reserved. &G2 1800Hzguard tone may be selected by issuing this command. &Jn - Phone Jack Type Parameters: n=0,1 Default: 0 Sets jack type. Provided for compatibility with Hayesmodems only. &Kn - DTE/Modem Flow Control Parameters: n = 0..6 Default: 3 When operating at port speeds higher than line speedsthe modem's internal buffer may fill up. When the buffer is nearlyfull the modem will instruct the DTE to stop transmitting datato it using XOFF or dropping CTS. As the buffer reaches a nearempty state the DTE is instructed to start sending to the modemagain using XON or asserting CTS, or the DTE can instruct themodem to stop sending data using XOFF or dropping RTS. To restarttransmission from the modem the DTE may assert RTS or send anXON, depending on the mode set. &K0Local flow control off. &K1,2 Notused &K3 Setslocal flow control to RTS/CTS. &K4 Setslocal flow control to XON/XOFF. &K5 Setsflow control to transparent XON/XOFF. &K6 Setslocal flow control to both RTS/CTS and XON/XOFF &Ln - Line Type Parameters: n=0,1 Default: 0 Selects operation for either leased or dial-up line. &L0Selects dial-up communication. &L1 Reserved,the modem will return an OK response. &Mn - Communications Mode Parameters: n=0..3 Default: 0 This command selects the communication mode. &M0Asynchronous mode. The modem will connect in the asynchronous mode and remain in the asynchronous on-line state when a connection is established. &M1 Reserved. &M2 Reserved. &M3 Reserved. &Pn - Pulse Ratio Parameters: n=0..3 Default: 1 Controls the ratio of the 'off-hook' to 'on-hook'interval used for pulse dialling. &P0Selects Make-Break ratio of 39%-61% respectively (U.S.A.)@10pps. &P1 SelectsMake-Break ratio of 33%-67% respectively (Aust) @ 10 pps. &P2 SelectsMake-Break ratio of 39%-61% respectively @ 20 pps. &P3 SelectsMake-Break ratio of 33%-67% respectively @ 20 pps. &Qn - Communications Mode Parameters: n=0..6 Default: 5 This command selects the type of asynchronous communication mode used. &Q0Asynchronous direct mode. The modem will connect in the asynchronous mode and remain in the asynchronous on-line state when a connection is established. Flow control is not available when this command is selected. &Q1 Reserved. &Q2 Reserved. &Q3 Reserved. &Q5 Error-corrected mode. The modem will establish an error-corrected connection based upon the \N setting. &Q6 Selects asynchronous buffered mode. The modem will connect in asynchronous mode and remain in asynchronous on-line state when a connection is established. &Rn - RTS/CTS Options Parameters: n = 0,1 Default: 1 This command controls the operation of the CTS signal. Its operation is modified if hardware flow control is selected (See &K command). &R0CTS tracks the state of RTS, but is delayed by the value of S26. &R1 CTS is always ON and transitions on the RTS signal line are ignored. &Sn - DSR Options Parameters: n = 0,1 Default:0 Sets the operation of the Data Set Ready (DSR) interfacesignal from the modem to the DTE. &S0DSR always active. &S1 DSRon at the start of handshaking and off when in test mode. &Tn - Test Modes Parameters: n = 0..8 Default: 5 Selects the self test modes. Note: The modem MUST be in a non-buffered mode forcorrect operation Eg: AT\N0....... &T0Terminate current tests. &T1Run Local Analog Loopback test. &T3Runs Local Digital Loopback test. &T4Enables Remote Digital Loopback test. &T5Disables Remote Digital Loopback test. &T6 RequestsRemote Digital Loopback test. &T7Requests Remote Digital Loopback test with Self Test option. &T8Local Analog Loop test with Self Test option. &V - View ActiveConfiguration/Profiles Display the active and stored configuration profilesalong with stored telephone numbers. &V0Displays main AT command and S register values for active andstored profiles. &V1Displays current or previous call information &Wn - Store User Profile Parameters: n=0,1 Default: 0 Writes the active configuration profile to non-volatilememory. Once you have altered the settings of the S-registersin the active configuration to suit a specific application, savethem with the (&Wn) command. &W0Save as user profile0. &W1 Saveas user profile 1. &Yn - Default User Profile Parameters: n = 0..1 Default: 0 Loads stored configuration 'n' at modem power up.Also refer to &W0. &Y0Selects stored profile 0 on power up or reset &Y1 Selectsstored profile 1 on power up or reset &Zn=x - Store a Phone Number Parameters: n = 0..3, x=dial string Default:0 Allows up to 4 dialling strings to be stored intoNon volatile memory which can be recalled using the ATDSn dialstring. The telephone number, including dial modifiers, has amaximum length of 45 characters. A carriage return executes thiscommand and the fields are stored in the non-volatile memory. Format: AT&Zn= eg: Enter: AT&Z0=T0,4187693 Response: OK \ Commands \A: Max. MNP Block Size \B: Transmit Break \G: Modem to Modem Flow Control \K: Break Control \L: Block MNP link \N: Operating Mode \An Maximum MNP Block Size Parameters: n = 0..3 Default: 3 The size of the MNP protocol block can be changedto suit a particular application. Both modems must have the sameblock size. \A0 Setsblock size maximum 64 bytes. \A1 Sets blocksize maximum 128 bytes. \A2 Sets blocksize maximum 192 bytes. \A3 Sets blocksize maximum 256 bytes. \Bn Transmit Break Parameters: n = 1..9 Default: 3 When this command is entered during a non-MNP connection,the modem sends a break signal to the remote modem. The lengthof the break is in multiples of 100 msec (If n=0, the default value 3 is used; if nis greater than 9, 9 is used.) \Gn Modem to Modem Flow Control Parameters: n = 0,1 Default: 0 Enables or disables modem to modem flow control duringa Normal mode connection. Since the reliable link (error correction)has its own method of flow control, the \Gn command is ignoredwhen error correction is selected. However, the DTE to modem flowcontrol (&Kn) remains active during a reliable link. \G0 Disablesflow control (XON/XOFF). \G1 Enablesflow control (XON/XOFF). \Kn Break Control Parameters: n = 0..5 Default: 5 Determines the modem response when a BREAK is receivedfrom the DTE or the remote modem. During MNP mode, the remotemodem's BREAK control setting determines the local modem responseto handle the BREAK. When a BREAK is received from the DTE during Normalor MNP/V.42 mode: \K0,2,4Modem enters the command mode (waiting for AT) without sendinga BREAK to remote modem. \K1 Modem clearsthe terminal and modem buffers and sends a BREAK to remote modem. \K3 Modem doesnot clear the buffers but sends a BREAK to remote modem. \K5 Modem sendsa BREAK to the remote modem in sequence with any transmitted data. When a BREAK is received from the remote modem duringNormal mode: \K0,1Modem clears terminal and modem buffers and sends a BREAK to localDTE. \K2,3 Modemdoes not clear buffers but sends a BREAK to local DTE. \K4,5 Modemsends a BREAK in sequence with any data being buffered. When a BREAK is received from the DTE during Directmode: \K0,2,4Modem sends a BREAK to remote modem and enters command mode (waitingfor AT). \K1,3,5 Modemsends a BREAK to remote modem. In LAP-M, breaks are "timed",meaning the modem attempts to preserve the duration of the breakwhen transmitting it to the remote modem. In MNP4, breaks arenot "timed", as MNP4 has no facility for maintainingthe duration of the signal; a long break is the same as a shortbreak. \Ln Block MNP Link Parameters: n = 0,1 Default: 0 Selects between Block and Stream modes of MNPoperation \L0 Initiatesa stream link. With this type of link the data is transferredin packets up to the size defined by the \A command. \L1 Initiatesa block link. With this type of link the data is sent in packetsof a fixed size of 256 bytes. This command will force an MNP Class4 link attempt, and is used primarily for special file transfersoftware. This parameter must be set before a link is attempted,it cannot be changed for a link which is in progress. \Nn Operating Mode Parameters: n = 0..5 Default: 3 Controls error correcting mode to be negotiated insubsequent connection. \N0 Normalmode. Disable error correction. Speed buffering ON (forcesAT&Q6). \N1 Direct mode(forces AT&Q0). DTE/DCE speeds must be equal. \N2 Enable V.42(LAP-M or MNP4) error correction. Failure to connect in reliablemode will result in the modem hanging up. Forces AT&Q5 - S36=4,S48=7. \N3 Enable Auto-reliablemode. V.42 (LAP-M or MNP4) error corrected links preferred, non-errorcorrected links as fallback. Forces AT&Q5, S36=7, S48=7(default). \N4 Enable V.42 LAP-M error correction only. ForcesAT&Q5, S48=0. \N5 Enable MNP4error correction only. Forces &Q5, S36=4, S48=128. % Commands %C: Compression Control %E: Auto Retrain enable %L: Report received signal level %Q: Eye Quality Monitor (EQM) %Cn - Compression Control Parameters: n = 0..3 Default: 3 Determines whether the modem attempts to use datacompression during reliable and auto reliable connections. Bothmodems must have the compression control command at its defaultsetting (AT%C1) and have the Block MNP Link command at its defaultsetting (AT\L0) at the time the reliable link is made,otherwise the link will be established without the compressionfacility. %C0 Disabledata compression during reliable and auto reliable connections. %C1 Enable MNPClass 5 compression, disable V.42bis compression. %C2 Enable V.42biscompression data, disable MNP Class 5 compression. %C3 Enable bothV.42bis compression and MNP Class 5 data compression. %En - Auto Retrain Enable Parameters: n = 0,1 Default: 2 The auto retrain enables the modem to generate aretrain sequence to the remote modem when a sustained poor qualityline is detected or if the line quality improves, the Modem will retrain and fall forward. %E0 DisablesLine quality monitor and auto retrain. %E1 EnablesLine quality monitor and auto retrain. %E2 EnablesLine quality monitor and fallback/fallforward %E3 EnablesLine quality monitor and auto retrain, but hangs up when EQM reachesthreshold. %L - Report Received Signal Level Returns a value identifying the received signal level. (For example 010 will be reported ifthe received level is -10dBm) %Q - Eye Quality Monitor (EQM) Returns the Eye Quality Monitor (EQM) value. Basedon the EQM level a retrain with fall back or fall forward maybe initiated depending on the %En command setting. +MS - Select Modulation This extended-format command selects the speed (modulation)and, optionally; enables or disables automode specifies the lowest and highest connection rates The command format is: +MS= [,[][,[] [,[]]]] Notes: 1. Subparameters not entered (enter a comma only or to skip the last subparameter) remain at their current values. See also, Sub-parameter Definitions, Reporting Selected Options,Reporting Supported Options Notes: 1. Sub-parameters not entered (enter a comma only or to skip the last sub-parameter) remain at their current values. Reporting Selected Options The modem can send a string of information to theDTE consisting of selected options using the following command: +MS? The response is: +MS:,,, For example, +MS: 11,1,300,33600,0,0[33600 default values] See Sub-parameterdefinitions Reporting Supported options The modem can send a string of information to theDTE consisting of supported options using the following command: +MS=? The response is: +MS: (list of supported values), (list of supported values),(list of supported values),(list of supported values) For example, +MS:(0,1,2,3,9,10,11,64,69),(0,1),(300-33600),(300-33600) Sub Parameter Definitions 1. = A decimal number which specifies the preferred modulation (automodeenabled) or the modulation (automode disabled) to use in originatingor answering a connection. The options are: Modulation Possible Rates (bps) 0 V.21 300 1 V.22 1200 2 V.22 bis 2400 or 1200 3 V23 1200 / 75 9 V32 9600 or 4800 10 V32 bis 14400, 12000,9600, 7200, or 4800 11 V.34 33600, 31200,28800, 26400, 24000, 21600, 19200,16800, 14400, 12000, 9600,7200, 4800, or 2400 64 Bell 103 300 69 Bell 212 1200 2. is an optional numeric value which enables or disables automaticmodulation negotiation using V.8 bis/V.8 or V.32 bis Annex A.The options are: Option Selected Notes 0 Automode disabled 1 Automode enabled using V.8 bis/V.8 or V.32 Annex A Default For = 0 (automode disabled, i.e., fixedmodulation): a. If is within the rates supported by the selectedmodulation, the selected rate is that specified by .For example: +MS=10,0,1200,4800 selectsV.32 bis 4800 bps fixed rate. b. If is greater than the highest speed supportedby the modulation specified by , the starting rateis the highest rate supported by the selected modulation. Forexample: +MS=10,0,2400,14400selects V.32 bis 14400, 12000,9600, 7200, or 4800bps. c. To emulate issuance of the N0S37=x command sequenceto select fixed mode operation, specify the and both to be the (same) requestedspeed, and to be the modulation for that speed. Forexample: +MS=11,0,16800,16800 selectsV.34 16800 bps fixed mode (no comparable S37 command). +MS=10,0,12000,12000selects V.32 bis 12000 bps fixed mode (sameas N0S37=10). For = 1 (automode enabled, i.e., automaticallyselected speed and modulation): The modem connects at the highest possible rate in accordancewith V.8 bis/V.8, or V.32 bis Annex A if V.8 bis/V.8 is not supportedby the remote modem. a. If is greater than the highest rate supportedby the modulation specified by , the modem automodesdown from the highest rate of the selected modulation. For example: +MS=10,1,1200,24000selects automoding down from V.32 bis 14400 bps. b. To emulate issuance of the N1S37=x sequence command, specifythe modulation and the rate to start automoding down from using and , respectively. Set to 300 to allow automoding all the way down to V.21300 bps. For example: +MS=11,1,300,16800 selects automodestarting at V.34 16800 bps (no comparable S37 command). +MS=9,1,300,12000 selects automodestarting at V.32 bis 12000 bps (same as N1S37=10). 3. is an optional number which specifies the lowest rate at whichthe modem may establish a connection. The value is decimal coded,in units of bps, e.g., 2400 specifies the lowestrate to be 2400 bps. The default is 300for 300 bps. 4. is an optional number which specifies the highest rate at whichthe modem may establish a connection. The value is decimal coded,in units of bps, e.g., 28800 specifies the highestrate to be 28800 bps. The default is 33600 for 33600bps modems. MNP10 Commands Traditionally MNP10 has been used to allowconnection between two Modems across a cellular link. It willmaintain a link connection no matter what the line quality. Thiswill avoid repeated attempts to log on or to transfer files. Ifthe signal to noise ratio decreases, the Modem can be forced toretrain so that a slower carrier can be adopted, ensuring thelink is maintained. )Mn - Automatic Power Level Adjustment Parameters: n = 0,1 Default = 0 Enables or disables automatic power level adjustmentduring an MNP10 link negotiation. )M0 Disable power level adjustment. Allowtransmitter adjustment if cellular operation is requested. )M1 Enables power level adjustment during MNP10link negotiation. )M1 should not be used with *H2 *Hn - Link Negotiation Speed Parameters: n = 0,1,2 Default = 0 Controls the connection speed for link negotiationsbefore up-shift occurs between two MNP10 modems. The parametervalue is written to S28 bits 6 & 7. *H0 Link negotiation occurs at the highestsupported speed *H1 Link negotiation occurs at 1200bps (cellular connections) *H2 Link negotiation occurs at 4800bps (used on poor phone lines) -Kn - MNP Extended Services Parameters: n = 0,1,2 Default = 1 Enable/disables conversion of a V.42 LAPM connectionto an MNP10 connection. The parameter value, if valid is written to S40,bits 0 and 1. -K0 Disables V.42 LAPM to MNP10conversion. -K1 Enables V.42 LAPM to MNP10 conversion. -K2 Enables V.42 LAPM to MNP10 conversion,inhibits MNP Extended Services initiation during V.42 LAPM answermode detection phase. -Qn - Fallback to V.22bis/V.22 Parameters: n = 0,1 Default = 1 Enables or disables fallback from MNP10 toV.22bis/V.22. The parameter if valid is written to S40bit 1. -Q0 Disable fallback to 2400bps and 1200 bps -Q1 Enable fallback to 2400 bps and1200 bps -SEC=n,x - MNP10EC Control Parameters: n = 0,1, x=10-30 Default = 10 MNP10EC (MNP10 Enhanced Cellular) is a superior enhancement to the MNP10 cellular protocol. By default, MNP10EC is disabled and can be enabled by entering the AT-SEC=1 command. To default value for the transmit power in -dBm is 10 and is suitable for the majority of connections. The range for this value can be adjusted between 10 to 30 -dBm. -SEC=0 Disable MNP10EC -SEC=1,n Enable MNP10-EC @Mn - Initial Cellular Power LevelSetting Parameters: n = 0 - 31 Default =0 Sets the initial transmit power level for up-shiftat connect until line conditions can be determined. @M0 -26 dBm @M1 -30 dBm @M2 -10 dBm @M3 to @M10 - 10dBm @M11 -11 dBm @M12 -12dBm to @M31 -31dBm :En - Compromise Equaliser Enable Parameters: n = 0,1 Default = 1 Enables or disables the V.32 compromise equaliser.The parameter value is written to S201 bit 5. This canbe used if connected to flat line or cellular connection. :E0 Disable equaliser :E1 Enables the equaliser +++ Return to Command Mode When a connection has been established between thehost modem and a remote station, the host modem will assume theonline state. The escape code sequence permits the modem to returnto the command state without hanging up. The escape code consists of a string of 3 ASCII '+'characters. (The '+' is the default. You may change its valueby altering S2.) To return to the command state from the onlinestate:- (1) Do not transmit any characters to the modem fora guard time equal to the value given by S12 (usually 2 seconds). (2) Quickly type the string '+++' but do notenter a carriage return. (3) Repeat step (1). If these steps are followed correctly the modem willrespond with the OK result code. The purpose of the guard time interval is to preventthe modem from interpreting 3 consecutive '+' characters withinthe user's data as an escape code. The escape code charactersmay be reprogrammed to any 8 bit value by writing to S2. Distinctive Ring Distinctive Ring allows the modem to be set to recognisedifferent ring signals from Telstra. Telstra can currently provide3 different styles of ring - standard, FaxStream Duet and EasycallMultiple Number. -SDR=n Distinctive Ring Parameters: n=0,2,4,7 Default: 0 -SDR=0 - the modem will report RING when it detects anyring signal. -SDR=2 - the modem will report RING2 when it detects standardring. It will ignore any other ring signal -SDR=4 - the modem will report RING3 when it detects FaxstreamDuet or Easy Call Multiple Number ring. All other ring signalswill be ignored. -SDR=7 - the modem will report all ring signals with RINGx, wherex indicates the ring style. Advanced Menu CustomConfiguration ATCommands SRegisters Connectmessages Cableconfiguration Custom Configuration When configuring a modem there are a number of criticalsettings. Most of these settings are dependant upon the systemthat you are connecting the modem to. Does the system : * require the modem to answer without sending theanswer command (S0=n) * support flow control (&Kn)? See Flow Controlfor a detailed description. * supply DTR (&Dn)? * require echo (En)? * require response codes (Qn)? * support extended connect responses (Wn& S95=n) * require a fixed port speed ? Make sure that theinitialisation string is sent to the modem at the required fixedport speed. Does the remote modem : * support error correction (\Nn)? See Error Correction fora detailed description. * have a required carrier (DCE) speed (+MS)? Saving the settings (&W) e.g. When connecting the modem to a system for dialin access that * doesn't send the answer command * has a port speed of 19200 * supports software (Xon/Xoff) flow control * supplies DTR * Doesn't require connect or echo responses * and doesn't send any AT commands to the modem requires an intialisation string of AT &F S0=2 &K4 &D2 E0 Q1 &W to be sent to themodem at 19200 port speed. S Registers Register Description S0 Rings to answer on S1 Ring Count S2 Escape Code character S3 Carriage Return character S4 Line Feed Character S5 Back Space Character S6 Wait time for dial tone S7 Wait time for carrier S8 Pause time for dial delay S9 DCD response time S10 Lost carrier time to hang up S11 DTMF tone duration S12 Escape code guard time S14 Bit Mapped S16 Modem test option S18 Test timer S21 Bit Mapped S22 Bit Mapped S23 Bit Mapped S24 Sleep inactivity timer S25 Delay to DTR S26 RTS-CTS delay interval S28 Bit Mapped S29 Flash dial modifier timer S30 Bit Mapped S31 Bit Mapped S32 XON character S33 XOFF character S36 LAP M Failure control S37 Line Connection speed S38 Delay before forced hangup S39 Flow Control S40 Bit Mapped S41 Bit Mapped S46 Data Compression Control S48 V.42 Negotiation Control S82 LAP M Break Control S91 Data Transmit Level S92 Fax Transmit Level S95 Result Code Message Control S0 - Number of Rings until AutoAnswer Selects when the modem will auto answer the telephone.A value of 0 will inhibit the modem from answering thetelephone, instead, the modem will only indicate that the telephoneis ringing. Please note that this setting is also dependent onthe &Dn (DTR) setting. Default: 0 Range: 0..255 Units: rings E.G. To set the modem to answer on the second ringtype AT S0=2 in a terminal package. Please note that many communicationspackages send the ATA command to the modem to answer incomingcalls. In these cases make sure that S0=0, the default setting. S1 - Ring Counter Stores a count of how many times the telephone hasrung. The ring count will be reset if a ring is not received for8 seconds. Default: 0 Range: 0..255 Units: rings S2 - Escape Character Stores the ASCII value of the character used as theescape code (43 is the '+' character). The escape codeis used to switch from the online state to the command state. Default: 43 Range: 0..127 Units: ASCII S3 - Carriage Return Character Stores the ASCII value of the character used fora carriage return. Default: 13 Range: 0..127 Units: ASCII S4 - Line Feed Character Stores the ASCII value of the character used fora line feed. Default: 10 Range: 0..127 Units: ASCII S5 - Backspace Character Contains the ASCII value of the character used toerase a character in the command line. Default: 8 Range: 0..32 Units: ASCII S6 - Wait Time for Blind Dialling Contains the value which tells the modem how longto wait for a dial tone, from the time it picks up the handsetuntil it starts to dial a telephone number. If difficulty indialling is detected try increasing this value. You should heara dial tone through the speaker in the Modem before diallingcommences. Default: 4 Range: 2..255 Units: seconds S7 - Wait for Carrier After Dial Contains the value which tells the modem how longto wait for a carrier from the remote modem after dialling ofthe telephone number is complete. This value may need to be increasedif dialing international telephone numbers. Default: 50 Range: 1..255 Units: seconds S8 - Pause Time for Dial Delay Tells the Modem how long to pause when itencounters a comma (,) in the dial string. This would be usedwhen dialling out of a PABX system, where a secondary dial tonemust be encountered before dialling is recommenced. Default: 2 Range: 0..255 Units: seconds S9 - Carrier Detect Response Time The value of how long the carrier must be presentbefore it is recognised. Default: 6 Range: 1..255 Units: tenths ofa seconds S10 - Lost Carrier to Hang UpDelay The value of how long to wait between loss of carrierand hanging up the telephone line. Default: 14 Range: 1..255 Units: tenths ofa seconds S11 - DTMF Tone duration The duration of the DTMF tones used for dialing. Default: 70 Range: 70..110 Units: milliseconds S12 - Escape Code Guard Time The length of the escape code guard time. This isthe length of time that must pass before an escape code characterwill be recognised, preventing escape code characters embeddedin a transmission from being interpreted as an escape codesequence. Default: 50 Range: 0..255 Units: milliseconds S14 - Bit Mapped Command Options BIT VALUE OPTION DEFAULT = 138 Bit 0 Not used. Bit 1 Local Character ECHO 0 Local ECHO Disabled (E0) 1 Local ECHO Enabled (E1) Bit 2 Quiet Mode 0Quiet Mode Enabled (Q0) 1 Quiet Mode Disabled (Q1) Bit 3 Result Codes 0Numeric Result (V0) 1 Verbose Result (V1) Bit 4 Not used Bit 5 Tone or Pulse 0Tone Dial (T) 1 Pulse Dial (P) Bit 6 Not used Bit 7 Originate/Answer 0 Answer 1 Originate S16 - Bit Mapped Test Options Indicates the test in progress. The TSTIND outputis turned ON when S16 is non-zero to indicate that a test is inprogress. The AT&T0 command terminates any test andsets S16 to zero. BIT VALUE OPTION DEFAULT = 0 Bit 0 Local Analog Loopback 0 Local Analog Loopback Disabled 1 Local Analog Loopback Enabled (&T1) Bit 1 Not used Bit 2 Local Digital Loopback 0 Local Digital Loopback Disabled 1 Local Digital Loopback Enabled (&T3) Bit 3 Remote Digital Status 0 Remote Digital Loopback Disabled 1 Remote Digital Loopback Enabled Bit 4 RDL Request (AT&T6) 0 Remote Digital Loopback Status - Loopback off 1 Remote Digital Loopback Status - Loopback in progress (&T6) Bit 5 RDL with self test 0 Remote Digital Loopback with Self Test Disabled 1 Remote Digital Loopback with Self Test Enabled (&T7) Bit 6 Local analog loopback with self test 0 Local Analog Loopback with Self TestDisabled 1 Local Analog Loopback with Self Test Enabled (&T8) Bit 7 Not used S18 - Test Timer Sets the length of time the modem conducts a testbefore returning to the command mode. If this register is zero,the test will not automatically terminate; the test must be terminatedfrom the command mode by issuing AT&T0 or ATH command. Default: 0 Range: 0..255 Units: seconds S21 - Bit Mapped Command Options BIT VALUE OPTION DEFAULT = 52 Bit 0 Set by &Jn - otherwise ignored 0 Jack Select (&J0) 1 (&J1) Bit 1 Reserved Bit 2 CTS behaviour 0CTS tracks RTS (&R0) 1 CTS is always on (&R1) Bit 3,4 DTR behaviour 0 DTR ignored (&D0) 1 Go to command state if on to-off transition on DTR (&D1) 2 Go on-hook-on if on to off transition on DTR (&D2) 3 Go to initialisation state if on to off transition on DTR (&D3) Bit 5 RLSD (DCD) behaviour 0 DCD interchange circuit kept on (&C0) 1 Track carrier from remote modem (&C1) Bit 6 DSR behaviour 0DSR always active (&S0) 1 DSR is turned on at the start of handshaking. (&S1) Bit 7 Long Space disconnect 0 Disable Long Space Disconnect (Y0) 1 Enable Long Space Disconnect (Y1) S22 - Bit Mapped Command Options BIT VALUE OPTION DEFAULT = 119 Bit 0,1 Speaker Volume 0 Lowest speaker volume (L0) 1 Low speaker volume (L1) 2 Medium speaker volume (L2) 3 High speaker volume (L3) Bit 2,3 Speaker Control 0 Speaker always off (M0) 1 On during dialling (M1) 2 On always (M2) 3 On until DCD but off during dialling (M3) Bit 4-6 Limit Result Codes 0 Result options (X0) 4 (X1) 5 (X2) 6 (X3) 7 (X4) S23 - Bit Mapped Command Options BIT VALUE OPTION DEFAULT = N/A Bit 0 Remote Digital Loopback 0 Remote Digital Loopback Disabled (&T5) 1 Remote Digital Loopback Enabled (&T4) Bit 1,2,3 Local DTE communication rate 0 0-300bps 1 600 bps 2 1200 bps 3 2400 bps 4 4800 bps 5 9600 bps 6 19200 bps 7 38400 bps or higher Bit 4,5 Parity Option 0 Even 1 Not used 2 Odd 3 None/Mark Bit 6,7 Guard Tone 0No guard tone (&G0) 1 Reserved (&G1) 2 1800 Hz guard tone (&G2) S24 - Sleep Inactivity Timer Expiration of this timer due to lack of modem activity(line activity or DTE activity) will cause the modem to enterits low-power sleep mode. A value of 0 or 255 will disable sleepmode entry. Default: 0 Range: 0..255 Units: seconds S25 - Delay to DTR A change in DTR (ON or OFF) that persists for a periodshorter than the value held in S25, is ignored by the modem whilein data mode. Please refer to the &D setting for the operationof DTR after the value of S25 has been exceeded. Default: 5 Range: 0..255 Units: onehundredths of a second for Async & seconds for operation S26 - RTS to CTS Delay Interval Pertains to synchronous operation only. When CTStracks RTS (AT&R0) and the modem detects an ON to OFFtransition on RTS, this register sets the time delay before themodem turns CTS on. Default: 1 Range: 0..255 Units: milliseconds S28 - Bit Mapped Command Options BIT VALUE OPTION DEFAULT = 8 Bit 0 Not used Bit 1 0 75 bpstransmit/1200 bps receive (%F1) 1 1200 bps transmit/75 bps receive (%F2) Bit 2 Reserved Bit 3,4 Pulse Dialling 0 Make/Break ratio 39%-61% @ 10pps (&P0) 1 Make/Break ratio 33%-67% @ 10pps (&P1) 2 Make Break ratio 39%-61% @ 20pps (&P2) 3 Make/Break ratio 33%-67% @ 20pps (&P3) Bit 6-7 MNP Negotiation speed 0 Link negotiation at highest speed (*H0) 1 Link negotiation at 1200 bps (*H1) 2 Link negotiation at 4800 bps (*H2) S29 Flash Dial Modifier Time Records the period for which modem will go on hookif the ! modifier is encountered in the dial string. Default: 25 Range: 0..255 Units: 10s ofmilli seconds S30 - Inactivity Timer The length of time that the modem will wait beforedisconnecting when no data is sent or received. In MNP or V.42mode, any data transmitted or received will reset the timer. Inother modes, any data transmitted will reset the timer. Default: 0 Range: 0..255 Units: tens ofseconds S31 - Bit Mapped Auto Fallback Character BIT VALUE OPTION DEFAULT = 198 Bit 0 Not used Bit 1 Automode detection 0 Disable (N0) 1 Enable (N1) Bit 2,3 Connect Message control 0 DTE speed only reported (W0) 1 DTE & DCE speed reported (W1) 2 DCE speed only reported (W2) Bit 4-7 Not used S32 - XON Character Records the character to be recognised and used asthe XON flow control character. Default: 17 Range: N/A Units: N/A S33 - XOFF Character Record the character to be recognised and used asthe XOFF flow control character. Default: 19 Range: N/A Units: N/A S36 - Negotiation Failure Treatment This register is read when the S48 register containsthe value 128 or if an attempted error correction link fails.These fallback options are initiated immediately upon connectionif S48=128. Default: 7 Range: 0..7 Units: N/A S36=0 Modem disconnects. S36=1 Modem stays online and a Direct mode connectionis established. S36=2 Not used. S36=3 Modem stays online and a Normal mode connectionis established. S36=4 An MNP connection is attempted and if it fails,the modem disconnects. S36=5 An MNP connection is attempted and if it fails,a Direct mode connection is established. S36=6 Not used. S36=7 An MNP connection is attempted and if it fails,a Normal mode connection is established. S37 - Desired DCE Line Speed If an invalid number is entered, the number is acceptedinto the register, but S37 will act as if the default value isentered. Default: 0 Range: 0..7 Units: N/A S37=0 Attempt to connect at speed of lastAT command issued. For DTE speeds greater than 14,400the modem will attempt to connect at 14,400 bps. S37=1-3 Attempt to connect at 300 bps. S37=4 Not used. S37=5 Attempt to connect at 1200 bps. S37=6 Attempt to connect at 2400 bps. S37=7 Attempt to connect at V.23 S37=8 Attempt to connect at 4800 bps. S37=9 Attempt to connect at 9600 bps. S37=10 Attempt to connect at 12000bps. S37=11 Attempt to connect at 14400 bps. S37=12 Attempt to connect at 7200 bps. S38 - Delay Before Forced Hangup (ARQ ModeOnly) Specifies the delay between the modem's receipt ofthe ATH command to disconnect (or ON to OFF transition of DTRif the modem is programmed to follow the signal) and the disconnectoperation. For an error correction connection, this register canbe used to ensure that data in the modem buffer is sent beforethe modem disconnects. If set between 1 and 254, the modem will wait thatnumber of seconds for the remote modem to acknowledge all datain the modem buffer before disconnecting. If time expires beforeall data is sent, the NO CARRIER result code willbe issued to indicate that data has been lost. If all data istransmitted prior to time-out, the response will beOK. If S38 is set to 255, the modem does not time-out,and continues to attempt to deliver data in the buffer until theconnection is lost, or the data is delivered. Default: 20 Range: 0..255 Units: seconds S39 - Flow Control BIT VALUE OPTION DEFAULT = 3 Bit 0-2 Flow Control Options 0 No Flow Control 3 RTS/CTS Flow Control (&K3) 4 XON/XOFF Flow Control (&K4) 5 Transparent XON/XOFF (&K5) 6 Both RTS/CTS & XON/XOFF Flow Control (&K6) Bit 3-7 Reserved S40 - Bit Mapped Command Options BIT VALUE OPTION DEFAULT = 105 Bit 0,1 MNP10 Extended Services 0 Disable extended services (-K0) 1 Enable extended services (-K1) 2 Enable extended services (-K2) Bit 2 Power Level Adjustment for Cellular use 0 Auto adjustment ) (M0) 1 Force adjustment) (M1) Bit 3-5 Break Handling (\Kn) 0 \K0 1 \K1 2 \K2 3 \K3 4 \K4 5 \K5 Bit 6-7 MNP Block Size 0 64 Chars (\A0) 1 128 Chars (\A1) 2 192 Chars (\A2) 3 256 Chars (\A3) S41 - Bit Mapped Options (MNP) BIT VALUE OPTION DEFAULT = 131 Bit 0 & 1 Compression Selection 0 Disable data compression (%C0) 1 MNP5 only (%C1) 2 V.42bis only (%C2) 3 MNP5 and V.42bis (%C3) Bits 6 & 2 Enable auto retrain. Fallback/Fallforward 0 0 Retrain and Fallback/FallforwardDisabled (%E0) 0 1 Retrain enabled (%E1) 1 0 Fallback/Fallforward enabled (%E2) Bit 3 Modem to Modem flow control 0 Disabled (\G0) 1 Enabled (\G1) Bit 4 Initiates stream or block mode. 0 Stream Mode* (\L0) 1 Block Mode (\L1) Bit 5 Reserved Bit 7 Fallback to V.22bis/V.22 0 Disable fallback (-Q0) 1 Enable fallback (-Q1) S46 - V.42bis Compression Selection Controls selection of compression. The followingactions are executed for given values: S46 = 136 Execute error correction protocol withno compression. S46 = 138 Execute error correction protocol with compression. In addition to V.42bis, the modem also implementsMNP5 data compression. V.42bis is used only with LAP-M, and MNP5only with MNP4. Default: 138 Range: 136,138 Units: N/A S48 - V.42 Negotiation Action The V.42 negotiation process determines the capabilitiesof the remote modem. However, when the capabilities of the remotemodem are known and negotiation is unnecessary, this process canby bypassed if desired. If an invalid number is entered, it is accepted intothe S register, but S48 will act as if 128 is entered. S48 = 0 Disabled negotiation; bypass the detectionand negotiation phases; and proceed with LAP-M. S48 = 7 Enable negotiation. S48 = 128 Disable negotiation; bypass the detectionand negotiation phases; and proceed at once with the fallbackaction specified in S36. Can be used to force MNP. Default: 7 Range: 0, 7or128 Units: N/A S82 - Break Handling Options Break signals provide a way for the user to get theattention of the remote modem. If an invalid number is enteredS82 will act as if the default value is entered. LAP-M specifiesthree methods of break signal handling: S82 = 3 Expedited: Modem sends a break immediately.Data integrity is maintained both ahead of and after the break. S82 = 7 Destructive: Modem sends a break immediately.Data being processed by each modem at the time of the break isdestroyed. S82 = 128 In Sequence: Modem sends a break in sequencewith any transmitted data; data integrity is maintained both aheadof and after the break (factory default). Note: For the Modem this register is incorporatedfor compatibility purposes only. Changing this register will nothave any affect on the setting of this register. Default: 128 Range: 3, 7 or128 Units: N/A S91 - PSTN Transmit Level Sets the transmit level when communication in datamode over the Public Switch Telephone Network (PSTN). Default: 10 Range: 6-15 Units: dBm S92 - FAX Transmit Level Sets the transmit level when communication in faxmode over the Public Switch Telephone Network (PSTN) Default: 10 Range: 6-15 Units: dBm S95 - Extended Result Codes The bits in S95 can be set to override some of theATWn command options. A bit set to a 1 will enable the correspondingresult code regardless of the ATWn setting. Bit 0 - CONNECT result indicating port speed. Bit 1 - Append \ARQ to verbose CONNECT speed. Bit 2 - Send CARRIER message. Bit 3 - Send PROTOCOL message. Bit 4 - Not used Bit 5 - Send COMPRESSION result code. Bit 6,7 -Not used Default: 0 Range: 0..255 Units: N/A Connect Messages Numeric response Word Code Description 0 OK The command was executed without error. 1 CONNECT The carrier was detected andconnection established to a remote computer. 2 RING Telephone ring detected. 3 NO CARRIER Carrier has been lost or wasnever detected. 4 ERROR Invalid character entered in thecommand line or command line exceeds 40 characters. 5 CONNECT1200 Connection at1200 bps. 6 NO DIALTONE Dial modifier has been usedand no dial tone is detected within the period set by S6 (2 seconds). Theresult code command X1 or X4 is in effect and no dial tone is detected within5 seconds of going off hook. 7 BUSY Busy signal isdetected. 8 NOANSWER No silencedetected when dialling a via a system that does not provide dialtone. 9 CONNECT0600 Connected at600 bps. 10 CONNECT2400 Connected at2400 bps. 11 CONNECT4800 Connected at4800 bps. 12 CONNECT9600 Connected at9600 bps. 13 CONNECT7200 Connected at7200 bps. 14 CONNECT12000 Connected at12000 bps. 15 CONNECT14400 Connected at14400 bps. 16 CONNECT19200 Connected at19200 bps. 17 CONNECT38400 Connected at38400 bps. 18 CONNECT57600 Connected at57600 bps. 19 CONNECT115200 Connected at115200 bps 20 CONNECT 230400 Connected at230400 bps (56K modems only) 22 CONNECT1200RX/75TX Connected at1200/75 bps. 23 CONNECT75RX/1200TX Connected at75/1200 bps. 33 FAX 35 DATA Connected asData modem during auto answer 40 CARRIER300 Carrier at300 bps 44 CARRIER1200/75 Carrier at1200/75 bps 45 CARRIER75/1200 Carrier at75/1200 bps 46 CARRIER1200 Carrier at1200 bps 47 CARRIER2400 Carrier at2400 bps 48 CARRIER4800 Carrier at4800 bps 49 CARRIER7200 Carrier at7200 bps 50 CARRIER9600 Carrier at9600 bps 51 CARRIER12000 Carrier at12000 bps 52 CARRIER14400 Carrier at14400 bps 53 CARRIER16800 Carrier at16800 bps 54 CARRIER19200 Carrier at19200 bps 55 CARRIER21600 Carrier at21600 bps 56 CARRIER24000 Carrier at24000 bps 57 CARRIER26400 Carrier at26400 bps 58 CARRIER28800 Carrier at28800 bps 59 CONNECT16800 Connect at16800 bps 61 CONNECT21600 Connect at21600 bps 62 CONNECT24000 Connect at24000 bps 63 CONNECT26400 Connect at26400 bps 64 CONNECT28800 Connect at28800 bps 66 COMPRESSION:CLASS 5 MNP 5 DataCompression established 67 COMPRESSION:v.42 BIS V.42 bis DataCompression established 69 COMPRESSION:NONE No DataCompression established 70 PROTOCOL:NONE No ErrorCorrection established 77 PROTOCOL:LAPM V.42 (LAP M)Error Correction established 78 CARRIER31200 Carrier at31,200 bps 79 CARRIER33600 Carrier at33,600 bps 80 PROTOCOL:ALT MNP 2-4 ErrorCorrection established 81 PROTOCOL: ALTCELLULAR Protocol ALT -Cellular 84 CONNECT33600 Connected at33,600 bps 91 CONNECT31200 Connected at31,200 bps +F4 +FCERROR Fax CarrierError Cable Configuration Modem Pins Signal Assignment 25 pin to 25 pin 25 pin to 9 pin 25 pin to 8 pin 25 pin to 5 pin 1 FrameGround 1 NA NA 3 2 Transmit Data 2 3 3 2 3 ReceiveData 3 2 5 4 4 Req. toSend 4 7 1 NA 5 Clearto Send 5 8 2 ties to8 (modem side only) 6 DataSet Ready 6 6 NA 5(modem side only) 7 SignalGround 7 5 4&8 3 8 CarrierDetect 8 1 7 8&5(modem side only) 9 Pos.Test Volt 9 NA 2 NA 20 Data Term. Ready 20 4 1 1 22 RingIndicator 22 9 NA NA Connect 6 &20 on the modem side 25 pin The RS-232 interface enjoys more standardisationthan most interface conventions. Some companies have, however,redefined it and in so doing have assumed the burden of supportingtheir conventions. If the above information does not address yoursituation, refer to your computer's hardware manual or the store/manufacturerfrom whom you purchased your computer. Australian Communications Authority Requirements (Australia Only) The software supplied with this modem has default settings compliant with the requirements of Austel Technical Standard TS-ØØ2. Adjustment of these settings outside the required limits will void the Austel permit associated with the modem. Dial Retry Attempts With the service tone detection enabled (eg. Busy Tone) the unit must not be configured to make more than 1Ø dial attempts to the same telephone number. With the service tone detection disabled (eg. Busy Tone - ATXØ) the unit must not be configured to make more than 3 dial attempts to the same telephone number. With dial tone detection disabled (eg. ATXØ) the unit should be configured to dial not less than two seconds after line seizure and not more than 5 seconds after line seizure. In all of the above cases no further attempts shall be made to connect to the telephone number, until a further period of at least 3Ø minutes has elapsed (this does not apply if the redial sequence is manually restarted). Call Answering The modem shall answer an incoming call by seizing the line in not less than 2 seconds from the start of the application of ring signal from the PSTN. (eg. ATSØ=2 or issue ATA after the 2nd ring.) Internal Modems Internal modems are designed to operate only within a PC with a screw down lid. Also, telecommunications network voltages exist on the card inside the PC. Therefore the telecommunications line connection (Telecom cable) must be removed before opening the case of the PC. NOTE Adjustment of these settings outside the required limits will void the Austel permit associated with the modem. Connection of a non-approved modem to the telecommunications network is an offence under Section 253 of the Telecommunications Act 1991 and may attract a maximum fine of $12,ØØØ. Telecom Requirements (New Zealand only) Telecom New Zealand requires you to be aware of the following requirements regarding the connection of your modem to the Public Telephone Network. FAILURE TO ADHERE TO THE THESE REQUIREMENTS MAY NEGATE THE USERS RIGHTS UNDER THE TELECOM TERMS OF SERVICE This modem may not provide for the effective hand over of a call to or from other telephones or equipment connected to the same line. The Operation of this modem on the same line as other telephones or equipment fitted with ring detectors and/or bells (or other audible devices) may cause bell tinkle or noise and may cause the ring detector to falsely trigger. The user is NOT to contact Telecom Faults if this occurs. Should your modem become damaged in any way, you should immediately disconnect it from the telephone line and return it for repair. The computer(or other equipment) connected to the RS-232(computer) port of your modem shall be certified to meet the requirements of Reg.18 of the New Zealand Wiring Regulations 1976. To comply with Telecom New Zealand requirements, it is necessary to add the following to your communication software initialisation string (Refer to the software installation section): Setting the SØ register (auto-answer) to SØ=1 or SØ>5 will render this equipment non-compliant with telepermit requirements. Older Telephone Exchanges Some older telephone exchanges may require you to issue the &G2 command to enable 18ØØHz guard tone. This equipment does not provide a guard tone by default. In some circumstances this could cause interference with the telephone network signalling systems, and could result in lost calls.Telecom will not accept responsibility should such problems occur. Such occurrences will be rare. Initiation of Outgoing calls When you initiate a call from the computer (or other equipment) connected to the RS232 (computer) port on your modem , you shall: i) Not make more than 5 call attempts to the same number within a one hour period ii) Not wait less that 6Ø seconds between call attempts to the same number iii) Not make more than a total of 1Ø call attempts to the samenumber for any single manual call initiation iv) Not wait less that 6Ø seconds between automatic calls to different numbers Note: This equipment shall NOT be set up to make automatic calls to the Telecom 111 emergency service.